6. Think Global act Local Discuss the implications of Theodore Levitts Essay

6. Think Global act Local Discuss the implications of Theodore Levitts statement. Illustrate with examples from global companies - Essay Example ting pÐ µrspÐ µctivÐ µ, mÐ °ny compÐ °niÐ µs crÐ °ck thÐ µ fundÐ °mÐ µntÐ °l principlÐ µ of mÐ °rkÐ µting— Ð °nd by this I mÐ µÃ °n thÐ °t during stÐ °rt-up phÐ °sÐ µ you fist gÐ µt to Ð °nÐ °lyzÐ µ thÐ µ mÐ °rkÐ µt Ð °nd thÐ µn mÐ °kÐ µ Ð ° dÐ µcision on whÐ °t products producÐ µ or sÐ µrvicÐ µs to rÐ µndÐ µr, mÐ µÃ °nwhilÐ µ, whÐ µn you go intÐ µrnÐ °tionÐ °l it is fÐ °r morÐ µ frÐ µquÐ µnt to sÐ µÃ µ intÐ µrnÐ °tionÐ °l mÐ °rkÐ µts Ð °s opportunitiÐ µs to incrÐ µÃ °sÐ µ thÐ µ mÐ °rkÐ µt shÐ °rÐ µ of Ð µxisting products by Ð °dopting Ð ° â€Å"sÐ °lÐ µs push† strÐ °tÐ µgy rÐ °thÐ µr thÐ °n Ð ° mÐ °rkÐ µt-pull Ð °pproÐ °ch. OncÐ µ Ð ° compÐ °ny introducÐ µs its products or sÐ µrvicÐ µs on thÐ µ sÐ µcond country-mÐ °rkÐ µt, it will unÐ °voidÐ °bly bÐ µ pronÐ µ to imposÐ µ its prÐ µvious Ð µxpÐ µriÐ µncÐ µ, Ð µspÐ µciÐ °lly if thÐ µ compÐ °ny opÐ µrÐ °tion in thÐ µ grÐ µÃ °t numbÐ µr of nÐ °tionÐ °l mÐ °rkÐ µts. MÐ °rkÐ µting strÐ °tÐ µgy dÐ µcisions in such Ð ° cÐ °sÐ µ cÐ °n bÐ µ bÐ °sÐ µd Ð °gÐ °inst thÐ µ Ð µxtrÐ °-mÐ °rkÐ µt critÐ µriÐ °. For instÐ °ncÐ µ, pricÐ µ lÐ µvÐ µls Ð °rÐ µ sÐ µt up in ordÐ µr to Ð µliminÐ °tÐ µ thÐ µ diffÐ µrÐ µncÐ µ Ð °mong mÐ °rkÐ µts Ð °nd to sustÐ °in Ð ° pricÐ µ corridor, compÐ °rÐ µd to thÐ µ situÐ °tion whÐ µrÐ µ you just purÐ µly rÐ µflÐ µct locÐ °l mÐ °rkÐ µt conditions. Subsidizing of pricÐ µ lÐ µvÐ µls by multinÐ °tionÐ °l is Ð °lso Ð ° common prÐ °cticÐ µ Ð °nd is usÐ µd for strÐ °tÐ µgic rÐ µÃ °sons. StrÐ °tÐ µgy of thÐ µ compÐ °ny thÐ °t is Ð µxpÐ °nding Ð °broÐ °d dÐ µpÐ µnds on mÐ °ny fÐ °ctors, in somÐ µ cÐ °sÐ µ it is just Ð ° pursuÐ µ of lÐ µÃ °rning Ð °nd somÐ µtimÐ µs it is high profitÐ °bility tÐ °rgÐ µt thÐ °t Ð °rÐ µ sÐ µt up upfront. Ð nothÐ µr componÐ µnt of thÐ µ mÐ °rkÐ µting mix thÐ °t is diffÐ µrÐ µnt Ð °nd should bÐ µ tÐ °ilorÐ µd to thÐ µ spÐ µcific mÐ °rkÐ µt is distribution chÐ °nnÐ µl infrÐ °structurÐ µ, which should bÐ µ Ð °lso rÐ µsponsiblÐ µ for mÐ °rkÐ µting strÐ °tÐ µgy. ThÐ µ distribution nÐ µtwork hÐ °s Ð °lso to contributÐ µ Ð ° lot to Ð ° strÐ °tÐ µgy for growth, Ð °nd Ð °s Ð ° rÐ µsult it is judgÐ µd on orgÐ °nizÐ °tionÐ °l critÐ µriÐ ° such Ð °s fÐ µÃ °sibility, lÐ µvÐ µl of risk, supportÐ °bility, Ð °nd control issuÐ µs. MÐ µÃ °nwhilÐ µ, distribution

Mexican Culture Essay Example for Free

Mexican Culture Essay I. Introduction A. Hello my name is Yaakov B. The purpose of my presentation today is to inform you on the Mexican culture. C. First, I will talk about the early history of Mexico. Second I will talk about its religion. Last I will tell you about the lifestyle This ends my introduction .now onto my body of my presentation II. Mexican culture goes back to the olmec, Maya and Aztecs 1. The Olmec where the fist Mesoamerican civilization, they were also the first to practice blood based rituals, they had type of artwork characterized by the colossal heads. 2. Maya lived in a vast area covering parts of present day Guatemala, Mexico and the western areas of Honduras and Salvador. Mayas had no central king that ruled a vast empire. Each city had its own ruler. Ancient Maya developed advanced systems of astronomy, mathematics an accurate calendar systems, extensive trade routes. The jaguar is the icon of power of Maya history. 3. The Aztec empire was peopled by a group that was once nomadic. The Aztecs principal food was tortillas. Tenochtitlan is their capital city, which is present day Mexico city. B 1. These civilizations where destroyed by the Spanish in 1521.hernado Cortez accompanied by five hundred and Indian allies. The Spaniards won victorious over the Aztecs. 2. The Spaniards had better weapons and horses. Iron armor and steel swords were where above Aztecs weaponry as the Aztecs had clubs, wooden swords, and spears. Guns and cannons were used to annihilate the Aztec defense . Horses stunned Aztecs for they had never seen horses before. 3. The Spanish brought new diseases, such as smallpox’s which killed many people. An African slave who came in 1520 had small pox. One of the Spanish soldiers contracted the disease. During combat the soldier died and Aztecs contracted the disease which killed many . That was my fist point. Now into my second point. A. Religion in Mexico was influenced by Spanish rule. 1. The Roman Catholic Church had a strong influence. Hernandez Cortez was the one who brought the catholic church to Mexico . 2. Priests learned native languages and converted American Indians to catholism. this way it would be better talk then to fight for conversion. B. 1. Catholism was established as the dominant religion of Mexico. Catholicism is not just a religion it’s a way of life in Mexico. Fifty percent of Mexico’s population attends weekly mass in their local church. Religion is a big part of Mexican culture. I have shared the early history of Mexico and religion. Now onto my last point A. The lifestyle of Mexico consist of celebrations, cinema and arts 1. A celebration that is celebrated is the day of the dead. This celebration has come far as the Aztecs. This holiday is for remembering and honoring those who have passed away. 2. The golden age of Mexican cinema. This period between 1935 to 1969.the golden era is thought to have started with the film â€Å"vamonos con pancho villa† (1935). To now it has been considered the best of the cinema of Mexico, another famous actor of this era is Maria Felix. 3. Diego Rivera the artist who painted many famous paintings such as the flower vendor, and many more. Fernando Botera had a unique style of painting all of his characters were oddly figured which would be impossible in real life III. Conclusion I have shared the early history, religion and lifestyle of my unique culture. Now into my conclusion of my presentation. 1. The significance of the history of Mexico is to inform people about the great history of Mexico. 2. The religion is the cause of Spanish influence on Mexico. 3. Lifestyle is significant because of how it has developed. I want to thank all of you for allowing me to share this important part of me with you.

Benedict :: essays research papers

Monte Cassino proved to be a most difficult location for Benedict’s new monastic community as many obstacles and impediments were cast in his path along the way to success. But Benedict was able to overcome each obstacle found in his path and became a better man because of his troubles and eventual triumph.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first of Benedict’s plights on the way to the founding of Monte Cassino proved to be a slight obstacle, but a foreshadow of what was to come. Benedict’s monks had been hard at work building cells in the abbey of the community, in the way of the continuance of the building was a large rock. The monks tried and tried to remove the rock with their own strength, but the rock simply would not budge. The reason for this hardship was simple in the eyes of the monks; the devil was hard at work. They then sent for the man of God, Benedict. With a simple blessing Benedict was able to dislodge the rock, making it quite easy for the monks to continue the building of the cells. Not only did this help in the actual physical building of the community, but it also gave the monks a glimpse of what was to come and a reinforced faith in their God and their leader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After this first obstacle it was clear that there were many more to follow. During the next stage of the building process the monks were hard at work building a particular higher. Benedict at the time was praying to God, when all of a sudden the Devil appeared to him and told Benedict that he was going to the monks. The monks unaware of this message continued to work when the next crisis occurred. The newly finished wall was toppled, and landed on a young child, who was a monk, instantly crushing him to death. The monks thinking this was an accident, reported the terrible news to Benedict. Benedict, a man of God, then bade the monks to bring the boy, in whatever state, to him. The monks obeying Benedict, did this and left Benedict to his prayers, and in that very hour, through prayer Benedict was able to revive the boy and set him and his monks back to work on the toppled wall! This recent triumph of Benedict not only proved to his monks that he was indeed an incr edible man of God, but it also proved to them that through the help of God Benedict would protect his monks and his community for the of the evil that is the Devil.

Challenges Faced when Grandparents Raise Grandchildren Essay

There has been a drastic increase in recent years of grandparents raising their grandchildren. Statistics have shown that between 1970 and 2000, the number of grandchildren being raised in a grandparent-headed household has actually doubled from 2.2 million to 4.4 million (Hayslip & Glover, 2009). Research has also shown that more than half of of these children are under the age of six (Brintnall-Peterson, et. al., 2009). New Mexico ranks sixth in the nation for the number of grandchildren living in grandparent-headed households (Goodman & Rao, 2007). A substantial amount of research has been done in the last decade to explore the effects, both negative and positive, that this increasing trend has had on grandparents and their grandchildren. There are many reasons why grandchildren live with their grandparents. Reasons include parent’s incarceration, drug abuse, death or divorce, unemployment, mental illness, abuse or neglect, child abandonment, or even deployment (Goodman & Rao, 2007; Bunch et al., 2007). Goodman and Rao (2007) list three different types of caregiving roles for grandparents: transitional, custodial, and co-parenting. In the transitional role, parents are away temporarily and are expected to return after a brief period of time (after incarceration or deployment, for example). Custodial grandparents assume responsibility when a parent dies or is deemed unable to care for the child. Co-parenting grandparents are residing with the child and a parent due to financial hardship or other reasons. These grandparents share the responsibilities of raising the children with the parents. For the purpose of this paper, information focuses on transitional and custodial grandparents and the effects that this rol e has on their financial, physical, social, and emotional well being. Financial Challenges When a child comes into any home, even in the best of circumstances, there are financial ramifications. This is especially true for grandparents who assume custody of their grandchildren. Even when grandparents feel positively about taking on the custodial role, they report substantial financial hardship and loss of financial freedom (Hayslip & Glover, 2009). In many cases, the dreams and plans for retirement are postponed to meet these financial challenges (Bunch et al., 2007). Additionally, grandparents often draw on savings and retirement funds to make ends meet. One grandmother in Dunne and Kettler’s (2008) study explained that she had spent thousands and thousands of dollars out of her retirement fund to support her granddaughter. Her son made no effort to help financially. There are also legal ramifications that come with assuming custody of a grandchild. Sometimes the grandparent does not have legal custody of the child, making it difficult to get educational, medical, and financial help without first hiring an attorney. Without documented legal custody, frustration increases when enrolling children in school, daycare, or when seeking medical and dental care (Bunch et al., 2007). Physical Challenges Current research has shown that grandparents that raise grandchildren experience lower physical health than their non-custodial peers (Kelch-Oliver, 2011; Brintnall-Peterson et al., 2009) due to higher levels of emotional stress (Lumpkin, 2008). In Bunch, Eastman, and Moore’s (2007) study, the research showed that grandparents can feel overwhelmed with addressing their own physical and emotional needs. This is due, in part, to parenting with pre-existing health challenges. However, the research also found that many grandparents report deteriorating health because it becomes difficult to interrupt their new responsibilities to seek healthcare for themselves. Furthermore, this same study conducted a questionnaire for grandparents that addressed health concerns. Out of 23 custodial grandparents, none of them listed their health as â€Å"very good.† In another study, the researchers found that grandmothers tend to downplay health issues, but that the phy sical stresses of their new responsibilities often resulted in an increase in insomnia, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and smoking (Erbert & Aleman, 2008). Physical health seems to be a recurring theme in the studies involving grandparents that are raising their grandchildren. Most of the research found a negative impact on health when assuming responsibility and custody of grandchildren. This presents other difficulties as well. In Goodman and Rao’s (2007) study, they interviewed many grandparents and grandchildren that expressed fear surrounding the grandparent’s mortality. The grandmothers were worried about what would happen to the grandchildren if their health continued to deteriorate. In another study, the grandchildren expressed extreme concern about losing their grandparent (Erbert & Aleman, 2008). Social Challenges Social ramifications of grandparents raising grandchildren can be very difficult for both the grandparent and the grandchild. While non-custodial peers are in the best position to provide needed support to custodial grandparents, grandparents often feel socially isolated as they raise their grandchildren. Hayslip and Glover (2009) conducted a study specifically examining the social challenges of custodial grandparents. The grandparents in this study described a lack of validation by society that resulted when others around them did not acknowledge their sense of loss or provide empathy and support for their situation. The custodial grandparents often made comparisons of themselves to non-custodial grandparents and expressed a sadness in the loss of a more traditional grandparent role. This feeling seemed to cause some grandparents to further isolate themselves from their peers and to be less likely to seek support for themselves. Interestingly, the study did not stop with the custodial grandparents and their feelings. The researchers also interviewed non-custodial grandparents and their perceptions of their custodial peers. The peers were given sample scenarios and discussed their impressions in a packet, which they then mailed back to the researchers. The findings indicated that the custodial grandparent’s concerns regarding a lack of support and empathy from others may not be completely accurate. Their peers seemed to be more sensitive to their loss than the custodial grandparent had perceived. There was a high level of empathy for most of the circumstances outlined in the study (Hayslip & Glover, 2009). One major factor of social isolation for both grandparents and grandchildren appears to be social stigmas attached to the reasons of the custody circumstances (Goodman & Rao, 2007; Dunne & Kettler, 2008). There is often a high level of shame associated with situations involving substance abuse, incarceration, or child abuse. Changes in custodial arrangements can present social challenges for children as well. When moving in with grandparents, children face the loss of friends, schools, and other family support (Dunne & Kettler, 2008). Social losses can create stress in other areas, leading to behavioral problems and emotional challenges. Emotional Challenges Stigmas and shame related to the reason of assumption of the custodial role can cause substantial emotional and psychological challenges for the grandparent. Hayslip and Glover (2009) state, â€Å"grandparents may also experience loss that comes from a sense of failure resulting from social stigma associated with behaviors of their adult child which resulted in the need to care for a grandchild.† This study also recognizes that custodial grandparents often, but not always, experience a decrease in general life satisfaction. Another study found that depression, stress, and anxiety are significantly higher in grandparents who are raising their grandchildren (Dunne & Kettler, 2008). These findings were particularly notable when dealing with the behavioral challenges of granddaughters and the emotional concerns for grandsons. The emotional well-being of the custodial grandparents is directly related to their ability to cope with the stress of their situation. Since coping refers to an individual’s capability to manage the demands of an environment, coping skills are crucial for the emotional well being in a home with high-stress circumstances (Lumpkin, 2008). Coping with stress can often be more challenging when the grandparent is caregiving in the shadow of losing their own child. This can cause an overwhelming sense of loss and stress as they deal with their own emotional needs in addition to the needs of their grandchild (Bunch et al., 2007). Further stress can occur in the grandparents’ marriage after assuming the role of caregiver to their grandchildren. In a study with 23 grandmothers, every one of them reported a negative impact on the relationship with their partner (Bunch et al., 2007). Reasons included having less privacy, less time, disagreements about child rearing decisions, and drastic changes in leisure time. These grandmothers also reported lower levels of satisfaction with themselves as parents when compared to parents in the general population, further adding to emotional challenges. Behavioral Challenges Many children living with their grandparents exhibit behavioral problems, often due to disrupted family relationships (Brintnall-Peterson et al., 2009). Before coming to live with their grandparents, the grandchildren may have experienced high levels of trauma and family dysfunction, leading to abandonment issues (Kelch-Oliver, 2011). Brintnall-Peterson and colleagues (2009) put together a web-based fact sheet series to help grandparents that are raising grandchildren with these issues. These researchers argue that there are many resources focused on helping grandparents with legal, school, health, and economic issues but there is a drastic shortage of resources for developmental and relationship challenges. They created a fact sheet series entitled â€Å"Through the Eyes of a Child: Grandparents Raising Grandchildren.† This fact sheet offers easy to read, academically useful, and low cost education about behavioral and relational issues for children who are living with a grandparent. The fact sheet focuses on attachment theory to address â€Å"interactions among behavioral, cognitive, emotional, interpersonal, and social-contextual dynamics in relationships rather than focusing on any one of these domains.† These researchers believe that attachment theory is particularly helpful when addressing thes e children because of the parental deprivation, trauma, and loss of development that has already had an effect on the child’s life. This approach also emphasizes the importance of sensitive and responsive caregiving to improve the child’s relationships, especially with the custodial grandparent. Since children that are living with their grandparents are often struggling in school or experiencing anger and depression, it is critical that custodial grandparents seek help in constructive discipline. Clear rules and boundaries can also provide a sense of security for children that are confused and overwhelmed (Erbert & Aleman, 2008). Benefits of Grandparent-Headed Households Although raising grandchildren provides many challenges and concerns for custodial grandparents, many grandparents express joy and optimism while raising their grandchildren. Some reported greater feelings of self-esteem and grandmothers expressed a feeling of relief that they no longer had to worry about their grandchildren’s safety once they were no longer in the care of neglectful or abusive parents (Goodman & Rao, 2007). Grandparents also expressed contentment and purpose in their lives, especially when it came to the protection of their grandchildren (Erbert & Aleman, 2008). One grandmother said that she could not imagine her life without her granddaughter in her home and that if her biological mother showed up, she would fight to protect her and not let her go. Another grandmother voiced her commitment to determine herself whether her daughter was well enough to resume custody or visitation. Grandchildren also experience positive effects when living with their grandparents. One study showed that children living with their grandparent experience less trauma than if they were with a non-relative because of the increased sense of family support (Goodman & Rao, 2007). Perhaps the most compelling argument for the benefits of grandparent-headed households is the findings that grandchildren often begin to achieve their potential in school, sports, music, or art once they feel safe and stable (Dunne & Kettler, 2008). Grandparents expressed a deep sense of pride in their grandchildren, and themselves, during interviews with Dunne and Kettler (2008). Conclusion Present research indicates that are there are many challenges when it comes to grandparents raising their grandchildren. Although there can be financial, physical, social, and emotional repercussions for grandparents and their grandchildren, sometimes it is the best option in an otherwise impossible situation. Research shows that children appear relatively well adjusted and happy living with their grandparents (Kelch-Oliver, 2011). Since it is apparent that the numbers of custodial grandparent households will continue to rise (Goodman & Rao, 2007), ongoing support is critical for grandparents. Social and emotional support is invaluable and grandparents should seek out support groups to help them feel less alone in raising their grandchildren. Education about various parenting approaches is also beneficial. Better access to educational resources would help provide clearer direction when it comes to behavioral and emotional challenges that grandchildren face. If the grandparent feels better equipped, it would drastically improve overall feelings of contentment in both the grandparent and their grandchildren.

Review of a Quality Department

5.4.1 Quality Department amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0978073.001.png">Harmonizing to Introduction of ISO 9000 ( 2007 ) and Crosby ( 1994 ) , writer built a administration sturcture of Quality Department for JG. ( see Figure 14 ) The Quality Department is straight charged by GM. Figure 14 Quality Department map Sturcture The chief map of the Quality Department includes Quality Assurance ( QA ) , Quality Engineer ( QE ) and Quality Control ( QC ) . 1 ) Quality Control The original QI Department will be kept and responsible for the Final Quality Control ( FQC ) . FQC is responsible for inspecting concluding merchandises. It is the last measure of the production. Income Quality Control ( IQC ) is responsible for the material quality control and review. This responsibility originally is a portion of responsibility of Warehouse and Supply Purchase Department. JG has to choose the materials from those sections and set up these forces to IQC. The chief duty of In Process Quality Control ( IPQC ) and Line Quality Control ( LQC ) is touring the production line and fabrication procedures on a regular basis to do certain the production processes move good. Once they found any issues, they will instantly describe it. Materials from IPQC and LQC could be selected from the other sections. These employees should hold work experiences in quality review and fabrication section and besides familiar with production line. 2 ) Quality Assurance Supplier Quality Assurance ( SQA ) is responsible for sing the supply material’s quality. JG will delegate an inspector in Supply company for trying trial. The material who responsible for SQA is originally belong to the Supplier Purchase Department, and he will be arranged to the SQA. Document Control Centre ( DCC ) is responsible to Documents filing and agreement. Such as ISO 9000 paperss and Enterprise Standard Documents. Forces who charge with the paperss will be selected from the General Affairs Department. The inspectors in Process Quality Assurance ( PQA ) inspect the merchandises sample in the production line. This review activity is harmonizing to the merchandises choice criterion. PQA Inspector need to warrant whether to let go of the merchandises to the following procedures. This responsibility will delegate to the original QI section, which have related experience and cognition. Final Quality Assurance ( FQA ) in JG is assigned to an external Quality Audit Company. 2 ) Quality Engineering The map of QE involves: †¢ Defects Analysis System ( DAS ) †¢ Failure Analysis ( FA ) †¢ Continuous Process Improvement ( CPI ) †¢ Equipment Inspection †¢ Customer Service ( CS ) †¢ Training The materials that charge the CS will be selects from the Sale Department. The Equipment Inspection workers are from the original Electromechanical Department. The DAS, Training and FA will be assign to the people who have work experiences in quality review and fabrication section and besides familiar with production line. Harmonizing to the Quality Department map, the employees naming agreement will be assign to the Human Resource Department. They need to disscuss with the senior director and the concluding consequence will be decided by the General Manger and Board of Director. A Skill Gap Chart will be applied to place the accomplishment spreads of every freshly naming materials The company might necessitate to see engaging some new employees for the Quality Department every bit good. A simple procedure of organizing the Quality Department is showed in Figure 15. Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4 Step5 Step6 Figure 15 Puting up Quality Department 5.4.2 DMAIC Processes Improvement undertaking 1 ) Define The aim of the define stages of the operation direction betterment model is to specify the needed for bettering the production processes of mark house. The undermentioned subdivision explained the activities performed within each stage of the bettering attack, and the tools applied within each stage.Define procedure betterment demandBefore analyzing this procedure, nevertheless, a brief program needs to be drawn of what precisely JG require. In this stage, JG has to place and sort the demand to optimize and streamline the fabrication processes. This undertaking will be assigned to the Manufacturing Manager who is the undertaking title-holder. A Gap Analysis will be conducted to analysis the current province procedures and identified the demand to betterment.Establish section ends, undertaking range, aims and undertaking programIn order to understand the fabrication section ends, the undertaking range and aims, the Team Quality Assistant, the Process Analyst, and the Consulting Manage r will interview the Manufacturing employees. Then the betterment squad set up the betterment undertaking program, undertaking agenda and available resource.Form procedure betterment squadA procedure bettering squad will be built to implement this programme. A squad mission, function and duty are showed in Table 5. The squad make a undertaking program with activities, a timeline, and resources.Team MissionDocument the bing fabrication procedures to bring forth processs and to place and implement fabrication procedure bettermentsFunctionDutyManufacturing material as procedure proprietorProvides procedure cognition and identifies and implements betterment chancesManufacturing Manager as Project ChampionEstablishes squad mission and ends. Provides project team resources and support.Team Quality Assistant as Black BeltProvides squad aid. Provides proficient TQM and Lean tool cognition. Provides best pattern for fabrication procedures.Process AnalystPrepares certification. Collects procedure informations. Identifies betterment chances.Consulting Manager?Provides concern cognition and way. Manages advisers.Table 10 Procedure Improving Team Mission, Role and Responsibility The squad members include Manufacturing Manager, Manufacturing Stuff, and a Team Quality Assistant, a Process Analyst and a Consulting Manager. Because JG does non hold quality and lean-six sigma accomplishment forces, the Team Quality Assistant, the Process Analyst and the Consulting Manager will be employed from an outside consulting house. 2 ) Measure The end of the step stage of the procedure betterment model is to understand and document the processes’ bing position. The undermentioned subdivision will explicate the activities performed within each stage of the bettering attack and the tools applied within each stage.Profile current provinceThe Manufacturing materials need to discourse and map the current province procedures of their fabrication procedures. The Manufacturing Stuff could utilize procedure Map to profile the current procedures. These Process Maps will place the phases involved in the Manufacturing Department activities related to the fabrication processes. And the Manufacturing Stuff besides need to happen out the written and unwritten regulations that administrated the procedures, the procedure existed and un-existed appraisals. Team besides need to place the responsible people of each procedure. Manufacturing Stuff who familiar with the current flow and the sequence of procedures need to roll up and gauge the mean procedure clip and related informations with the Process Analyst. These informations will be used to understand the current public presentation and the farther analysis of the procedures. Some Data Sheets Collection could be used here to document the informations, a sample showed below.Procedure NameProcedure OwnerDurationActivityTimeTable11 Sample of Data aggregation sheet Then an initial VSM will be drawn to show the current province procedures. After pulling the current VSM, a vision of the full fabrication procedure could be known and jobs that contribute to treat inefficiencies and mistakes, such as, inefficient determination and deciding defectives will be initial realised in this stage. Through analyzing and mensurating the public presentation position, the utile statistics will be collected and documented. In add-on, in order to understand the degree of accomplishments and preparation of the employee, appraisal and profile of the personal and cultural province is necessary. A TPS-Lean Six Sigma Implementation Quick Scan could be used to measure the degree of credence to alteration of personal.Identify spreads from best patternQuality facilitator will present best pattern processes to the bettering squad, and so they have to look into some efficiency pattern fabrication procedures. Then compare the current province procedures to the efficiency pattern processes. Team could carry on a simple Gap Analysis to place the spreads. A preparation matrix can be used here to place the spreads of the forces preparation.Identify jobs that contribute to treat inefficiencies and mistakesVSM could be used to place non-valued added activities, particularly related to unneeded work and rework. VSM can place the firm’s belongingss and engineering and link them with the procedure of presenting the value, supplying an auditable nexus between assets, operational action and value ( Mills et al. , 2003 ) . A brainstorming will be used to happen out the jobs in the procedures every bit good. Then a list of jobs will be made in this subdivision. After the Measure stage, current province procedures of fabrication will be profiled and the jobs of procedures will be identified. 3 ) Analysis The end of the analysis stage of the operation direction betterment model is to place the jobs of procedures that are doing inefficiencies and mistakes and their root grounds. Besides, they need to analyze the jobs and procedure inefficiencies and define betterment chances. Part of the analyse stage is to implement a cost-benefit analysis and Force Field Analysis to understand whether the betterments are excessively expensive compared with the estimated benefits to better efficiency and quality.Identify root causes of jobsHarmonizing to the jobs found in the step stage, fabricating material demands to place the root causes of the jobs of the list. These jobs of the fabrication procedures will be classified into different facets. For illustration, people ( deficiency of quality consciousness ) , methods ( deficiency of systematical quality direction ) , environment and so on. A Fishbone Map will be used to place the root causes.Analysis the spreads and jobs of the proceduresIn order t o happen out the spreads of procedures, squad demand to compare the current province procedures of JG with the other pattern instances. Besides through compared the procedure maps, the non-value added activities will be identified. Then a Pareto Chart and SPC will be applied to understand the cardinal factor of the procedures.Find out bettermentchancesand do an betterment programHarmonizing to the issues, which were found in last stages, Manufacturing Stuff, Process Analyst and quality facilitator will place betterment chances of the procedures. A Procedure FMEA will be conducted here to capture the failures and issues of the procedures and discourse the effects and possible actions to decide the jobs. Then an betterment program will be developed this subdivision. Some TQM and Lean tools can be used to decide the jobs.Assess feasibleness andanalysiscosts-benefit of betterment programAfter developed betterment program, Team members need to discourse and analysis whether this program is deserving implementing or non. A Force Field Analysis and Cost-benefit analysis will be conducted in this subdivision. They have to seek to eliminated reinforce of the betterment undertaking and beef up the impulsive force. 4 ) Better The end of the improve stage of the operation direction betterment model is to implement the betterments, step the impact of the betterments and record practises and train employees on the improved practise.Implement betterment programThen a fabrication procedure betterment program will be implemented. First, they need to make an execution program for each betterment and detailed the costs and benefits of each betterment activity. This betterment undertaking should be included redesign appropriate procedures and optimize the procedures flow. A hebdomadal position studies which include the complete assignments and current position during that clip and assessed accomplishment day of the month is a portion of the undertaking. Unresolved jobs should be documented every bit good.Evaluate impact of the bettermentsAfter the chief betterment undertaking is applied, Process analyst and Manufacturing Stuff need to measure the impact of the betterment for each procedure. Takt Time, SPC and other Thin tools can be used to measure the betterment procedure. A signifier to show the estimated initial processing clip, estimated optimised processing clip and proportion lessening of treating times could be used in this subdivision.Documenting processsProcess analyst demand to utilize computing machine to document the optimised and standardized procedure, which included elaborate procedure stairss and the procedure informations. The optimised procedure should be displayed to the employees in their workshop, so the employees would non confou nd about the procedure they involve. 5 ) Control The aim of the control stage of the operation direction betterment model is to implement public presentation rating and other methods to command and continuously better the procedures.Design and implement procedure public presentation stepsQuality facilitator will urge some procedure public presentation steps to assist mensurate the productiveness and quality of the fabrication processes. Some TQM and Lean tools will be introduced in this subdivision, such as Pareto Chart, SPC and Affinity Diagram.Implement auninterrupted procedure betterment procedure to go on bettermentA PCDA theoretical account will be recommended to the squad to better continually.Observe the successes, wages andplacethe undertaking squad membersThe last and important measure of the control stage is to take the clip to observe the betterment attempt. They can put up a wages to undertaking and publish a certification to the member or merely something every bit simple as traveling out to lunch to observe. The purpo se of celebrating is animating the enthusiasm of the employees, but besides to make an ambiance, which makes the employees have more active spirit. 5.4.3 Defective Prevention Approach The following measure to better JG’s operation is forestalling and extinguishing the defectives of production. FMEA Risk Management is recommended to JG to understate the opportunity of merchandise ‘s defectives. Cross-function squads will be needed to put to death the attack. The followers is a brief description of the attack. 1 ) Form a cross map squad The cross map squad includes four members. Team member is selected based on their cognition and work experience. Writers recommend one involves in the production line every twenty-four hours. One is from IPQC, and the other two could be from the Engineering and Sale Department. All of the squads are charged by the production VC. A quality expert who helps JG with DMAIC processes bettering undertaking will back up this undertaking every bit good. The expert will present some tools to the squad, such as Brainstorm, Fishbone map. 2 ) Set the undertaking and FMEA preparation The squad will be introduced the aims of the attack. Task will be identified clearly. Then quality expert will take the squad through a short preparation of FMEA after constructing the cross-function squad. Map the procedure and do an stock list of all relevant procedure stairss. 3 ) Maping the Procedure In the DMAIC processes betterment undertaking, all the procedures in fabrication have been identified already. So the Team members merely need to choose the critical procedures that they think will bring forth defectives. 4 ) Identify the failures Team member could utilize the insight to place the where faulty merchandises occurred and expected occurred in the daily procedures. Then they need to associate the faulty merchandises with exists procedure activities. These defectives are caused by the failures. Brainstorm could besides be conducted to find the possible failure manners for each procedure measure. Then Anticipate possible failures in the procedure in relation to the remainder of the procedure stairss. 5 ) Analysis the hazard Indicate the cause of each failure manner is and the effects of the failure manners of the procedure. A Fishbone Map will be conducted here to happen out the root causes of the failures.Judge the hazardsCalculate the failing in the procedure by measuring the chance of happening ( P ) and the badness of the failure ( S ) for the failure manners. ( Rampersad and El-Homsi, 2007 ) The hazard factor is the generation of these two factors. R=P ? S The opportunity of detecting the mistake on clip is expressed in the factor S. If the faulty merchandise is difficult to detect, its S factor will be high. Some faulty merchandises have occurred before. Team can utilize Pareto Chart and SPC analysis these defectives and so assist them mensurate the chance of happening and badness of the failure. 7 ) Pickings Measure Determine for each failure mode the actions necessary to better the weak points in the procedure. The failures with the highest Roentgen factors have the highest precedence ( for illustration R & A ; gt ; 20 ) . Delegate a responsible individual of each issue to work out the bad possible failure. Table 12 is the hiting standards of P and S. Team members will make up one's mind whether to take action harmonizing to the hazard factor or do a precedence for each betterment program harmonizing to the hazard factor. For illustration, they can make up one's mind non to take action when the hazard factor was less than 10. 8 ) Find out the solution Team members need to happen out the solution to forestall each defective. It includes placing the responsible job convergent thinker to work out each job. Finally, a signifier of FMEA will be finished ( See Table 13 ) . Harmonizing to the R factors, a program will be made to forestall the possible failure. This program will be describe the program to Production VC.Factor P ( Probability of Occurrence )Factor S ( Severity of the Failure )0 = Impossible/ barely of all time0 = Not a job1 =Very depression1 =Very low/hardly a job2 =Low2 =Low/to be solved easy3 =Not as low3 =Less serious4 =Less than norm4 =Less than norm5 =Average5 =Average6 =Above norm6 =Above norm7 =Rather high7 =Rather high8 =High8 =High9 =Very high9 =Very high10 =Certain10 =Catastrophic/Dangerous to peopleTable12 Factor of P and S ( Source: Rampersad and El-Homsi, 2007, pp 381 ) 10 ) Implement program Harmonizing to the program, the actions will be implemented to forestall the possible jobs. Operators of each production line need to cognize all of the possible hazards and possible failure of the procedure, which they are affecting. The squad will hold a meeting with the production line leader. Failures will be introduced to the production lines. Besides, the FMEA signifier will be placed in the workshops. 11 ) Result Review Give the feedback to the squad about the position of execution. A Defectives information aggregation and Defective merchandises analysis will be done by the DAS and FA after the chief betterment undertaking is applied and represent to the squad. The concluding FMEA signifier will be documented by the Quality Department.

Common Wealth Economics for a Crowded Planet

Common Wealth Economics for a Crowded Planet The book â€Å"Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet† is written by Jeffrey Sachs, a famous economist from the Columbia University. His work is devoted to the economic problems of our planet and to the global issues in general. The author focuses on the existing threats for the global population in different spheres of life and presents various ways of improving the situation. In this book, both the environmental and human-caused problems are analyzed.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the author, there is a number of problems which need to be solved in the nearest future. These are overpopulation, poverty, irrational use of natural resources, unhealthy economy, urbanization, environmental crisis, climate change, etc. Sachs illustrates every issue with many considerable examples; what is more, the author gives th e diachronic evaluation of the issues, which means comparison of the situation throughout the flow of time. The main point of the book is showing that all the mentioned problems were caused by humans. The author even mentions the HIPPO term, which stands for the consequences of human activities: Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Pollution, Population increase, and Over-harvesting. Sachs outlines marine fisheries and various species of animals as those most badly affected by humans and proves that the climate change is also a result of human activities. In addition, one of the most important problems outlined by Sachs is proper organization of the world economy and international policy, as far s that the gap between the developed countries and the countries of the third world is expanding gradually. All the statements are supported by numerous statistical data, which makes the author very convincing. Sachs presents a number of solutions for the problems he defined. Firstly, he o ffers four possible policies which can reduce the harm caused to the environment. Among them is taxing the companies which pollute air and water. Secondly, the author describes carbon capture and sequestration or using hybrid cars as a way of preventing the climate change. Thirdly, Sachs points to the need of economizing the water resources. Next, the author mentions lowering the total fertility as a method of halting the population growth. Finally, few phases are presented for countries to go through in order to improve the economical situation in the world. In my opinion, all the raised issues and set goals are very objective and important. The author proved to be very inventive while presenting his ideas about how to overcome the global problems in all the spheres of human life. I liked the idea of abiding the Geneva Convention and the Convention of Biological Diversity, which will help to save the environment with its various species.Advertising Looking for report on bus iness economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another issue which is very important and is explained in details is overcoming the poverty traps. The author mentions the countries where the violent behavior and high crime level is caused by an extreme poverty. To fight such results, he offers public works projects, increase the number of educational establishments, increase the agriculture productivity etc. I think that these suggestions can and should be implemented in life and that they can serve as an instrument for developing both the healthy economy and healthy thinking of the nation. Besides the mentioned points, however, there are some ideas which seem to be either not realistic or not really helpful. For example, the general overpopulation of the Earth is caused mostly by the countries of the third world, where the demographic situation is uncontrolled by Government. Nowadays, however, many people in Europe, espec ially in developed countries like German prefer being sterilized to having children due to a set of reasons, such as career or dissatisfactory material state. That is why the idea of regulating the population growth seems to be irrational: while some countries indeed need this policy, others may need the reverse program to be implemented. Another issue which I found confusing is preventing the air pollution. Sachs mentions the mechanisms for collecting the carbon dioxide from smoke stacks or straight from the sky. In my point of view, this solution should be developed further, as the gathered substance also needs to be kept somewhere. So is there point in constructing the new buildings for keeping the carbon dioxide inside? In addition, what size should one of such buildings have to be able to keep even a daily amount of the substance produced by one factory? I think that this idea and its effectiveness are rather doubtful. Moreover, although the idea of global economy and cooperati on seems to be effective, Sachs did not take into consideration the fact that it still has to be governed by someone. Even if all the most powerful countries unite in order to help the poorer ones, they still would need a leader who would control their work. As a consequence, such policy can lead to international conflicts.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The book †Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet† by Sachs is an objective critical analysis of the current economical and social situation of the world. Unlike the other books related to the same issues, it is very global and complex. The author manages to cover all the burning issues of the modern world and stick to one fibula. What is more, Sachs doesn’t use any euphemisms to talk about the problems. Being extremely strict and confident, he sounds very convi ncing. This makes the book especially interesting for those who are eager to know the real economical and political situation of the world. All in all, Sachs does not only present a book on Economics, but also gives a detailed analysis of the existing world problems and tries to develop a plan for their solution.

Database Essay

Database Essay Database Essay Could Cloud Databases Save Your Company Money? When running a company where customers trust their information to that company, that company needs to have a secure way to store the information entrusted to them. This report’s purpose is to inform you of the choices you have in selecting a method to store you information and data. When making your choice you should consider security, availability/reliability, and operational costs. There are two ways to securely store and collect your data, which are on site databases and cloud databases. Cloud databases are all around us and most of us use these services every day. There are hundreds of different cloud data base providers. Companies like Google, Flickr, Youtube, Facebook and email providers all store your data into a cloud database (Strickland, 2014). If you are the average person, odds are that you use and have data stored in a cloud database. Cloud storage data centers can range from small operations with one physical server to huge operations where the physical equipmen t can fill up an entire warehouse (Strickland, 2014). You might think, if you are storing your data in the cloud, shouldn’t it just bounce around in the clouds until you need to access it? Well that is not how it works; the cloud is just what they call the services. The data stored in the cloud is actually stored in different physical locations around the world. The reason they call it the cloud is because you access the servers you are using through a web based interface. Severs and the equipment that is required to run them are very expensive for a company to run and maintain. Servers are computers and like every machine are going to need to be maintained and fix at some time. This is why redundancy (Storing data in multiple locations) is very important for a database (Strickland, 2014). If a certain server needs to be repaired and taken offline and your data is only stored on that one server you would not be able to access it. You should not rely on keeping all of your dat a stored in your own equipment, what would happen if your whole system was infected with a virus? Storing your backup data in the cloud is like not putting all your eggs in one basket (Strickland, 2014). It is always better to be safe than sorry. Losing all the data stored on a server could end a company if there are no backup’s offsite. To keep this from happening cloud storage companies store the same data on servers that use different power supplies. They do this just in case there is a power outage, you can still retrieve your data. Without redundancy cloud storage systems could not guarantee that users could access their information whenever they want. Having your data stored in multiple locations is for your benefit, this way you can have access to your secure data anytime you need it. This is also a great way to protect your data if you have your own servers. There is always the chance that a disgruntle employee can use his permissions to delete and corrupt data on a c ompany’s servers. This is a risk that you have to take in to account when using cloud storage because you are not in charge of who gets hired and the security background checks done on individuals. Even though there are security policies in place to keep direct attacks from happening, it is hard to catch this act before hand. An employee with the right permissions or access to encryption keys could tamper with configurations, log files, or even the DB software and data itself (Nissany, 2011). Many people say that the cloud is unsecure to theft or data corruption. Cloud databases have standards in place to protect your data. Authentication practices and encryptions are used to keep your data secure. Authentication practices use techniques like strong passwords, smart cards and biometrics. Strong passwords contain at least one upper case, one lower case, one special character, one number and must me at least 8 characters long. Smart cards are read by the

USS Yorktown (CV-5) in World War II

USS Yorktown (CV-5) in World War II USS Yorktown - Overview: Nation: United StatesType: Aircraft CarrierShipyard: Newport News Shipbuilding Drydock CompanyLaid Down: May 21, 1934Launched: April 4, 1936Commissioned: September 30, 1937Fate: Sunk June 7, 1942 USS Yorktown - Specifications: Displacement: 25,500 tonsLength: 824 ft., 9 in.Beam: 109 ft.Draft: 25 ft., 11.5 in.Propulsion: 9 Ãâ€" Babcock Wilcox boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Parsons geared turbines, 4 Ãâ€" screwsSpeed: 32.5 knotsRange: 14,400 nautical miles at 15 knotsComplement: 2,217 men USS Yorktown - Armament: 8 Ãâ€" 5 in./38 cal., 4 Ãâ€" Quad 1.1 in./75 cal., 24 Ãâ€" 20mm Oerlikon guns, 24 Ãâ€" .50 caliber machine guns Aircraft 90 aircraft USS Yorktown - Construction: In the years after World War I, the US Navy began experimenting with various designs for aircraft carriers. A new type of warship, its first carrier, USS Langley (CV-1), was a converted collier that possessed a flush deck design (no island). This effort was followed by USS Lexington (CV-2) and USS Saratoga (CV-3) which were built using hulls intended for battlecruisers. Large vessels, these ships had sizable air groups and large islands. Late in the 1920s, design work commenced on the US Navys first purpose-built carrier, USS Ranger (CV-4). Though smaller than Lexington and Saratoga, Rangers more efficient use of space permitted it to carry a similar number of aircraft. As these early carriers entered service, the US Navy and the Naval War College conducted several assessments and war games through which they hoped to determine the ideal carrier design. These studies determined that speed and torpedo protection were of major importance and that a large air group was desirable as it offered greater operational flexibility. They also concluded that carriers employing islands had superior control over their air groups, were better able to clear exhaust smoke, and could better direct their defensive armament. Trials at sea also found that larger carriers were more capable of operating in difficult weather conditions than smaller vessels such as Ranger. Though the US Navy initially preferred a design displacing around 27,000 tons, due to the limitations imposed by the Washington Naval Treaty, it instead opted for one that provided the desired attributes but only weighed around 20,000 tons. Embarking an air group of approximately 90 aircraft, this design offered a top speed 32.5 knots. Laid down at the Newport News Shipbuilding Drydock Company on May 21, 1934, USS Yorktown was the lead ship of the new class and the first large purpose-built aircraft carrier constructed for the US Navy. Sponsored by First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, the carrier entered the water nearly two years later on April 4, 1936. Work on Yorktown was completed the following year and the vessel was commissioned at the nearby Norfolk Operating Base on September 20, 1937. Commanded by Captain Ernest D. McWhorter, Yorktown finished fitting out and began training exercises off Norfolk. USS Yorktown - Joining the Fleet: Departing the Chesapeake in January 1938, Yorktown steamed south to conduct its shakedown cruise in the Caribbean. Over the next several weeks it touched at Puerto Rico, Haiti, Cuba, and Panama. Returning to Norfolk, Yorktown underwent repairs and modifications to address issues that had arisen during the voyage. Made flagship of Carrier Division 2, it took part in Fleet Problem XX in February 1939. A massive war game, the exercise simulated an attack on the East Coast of the United States. In the course of the action, both Yorktown and its sister ship, USS Enterprise, performed well. After a brief refit at Norfolk, Yorktown received orders to join the Pacific Fleet. Departing in April 1939, the carrier passed through the Panama Canal before arriving at its new base in San Diego, CA. Conducting routine exercises through the remainder of the year, it took part in Fleet Problem XXI in April 1940. Conducted around Hawaii, the war game simulated a defense of the islands as well as practiced a variety of strategies and tactics which later would be used during World War II. That same month, Yorktown received new RCA CXAM radar equipment. USS Yorktown - Back to the Atlantic: With World War II already raging in Europe and the Battle of the Atlantic underway, the United States began active efforts to enforce its neutrality in the Atlantic. As a result, Yorktown was ordered back to the Atlantic Fleet in April 1941. Taking part in neutrality patrols, the carrier operated between Newfoundland and Bermuda to prevent attacks by German u-boats. After completing one of these patrols, Yorktown put into Norfolk on December 2. Remaining in port, the carriers crew learned of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor five days later. USS Yorktown - World War II Begins: Having received new Oerlikon 20 mm anti-aircraft guns, Yorktown sailed for the Pacific on December 16. Reaching San Diego at the end of the month, the carrier became the flagship of Rear Admiral Frank J. Fletchers Task Force 17 (TF17). Departing on January 6, 1942, TF17 escorted a convoy of Marines to reinforce American Samoa. Completing this task, it united with Vice Admiral William Halseys TF8 (USS Enterprise) for strikes against the Marshall and Gilbert Islands. Nearing the target area, Yorktown launched mix of F4F Wildcat fighters, SBD Dauntless dive bombers, and TBD Devastator torpedo bombers on February 1. Striking targets on Jaluit, Makin, and Mili, Yorktowns aircraft inflicted some damage but were hampered by poor weather. Completing this mission, the carrier returned to Pearl Harbor for replenishment. Putting back to sea later in February, Fletcher had orders to take TF17 to the Coral Sea to operate in conjunction with Vice Admiral Wilson Browns TF11 (Lexington). Though initially tasked with striking Japanese shipping at Rabaul, Brown redirected the carriers efforts to Salamaua-Lae, New Guinea after enemy landings in that area. US aircraft hit targets in the region on March 10. USS Yorktown - Battle of the Coral Sea: In the wake of this raid, Yorktown remained in the Coral Sea until April when it withdrew to Tonga to resupply. Departing late in month, it rejoined Lexington after the commander-in-chief of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral Chester Nimitz obtained intelligence regarding a Japanese advance against Port Moresby. Entering the area, Yorktown and Lexington took part in the Battle of the Coral Sea on May 4-8. In the course of the fighting, American aircraft sank the light carrier Shoho and badly damaged the carrier Shokaku. In exchange, Lexington was lost after being hit by a mix of bombs and torpedoes. As Lexington was under attack, Yorktowns skipper, Captain Elliot Buckmaster, was able to evade eight Japanese torpedoes but saw his ship take a severe bomb hit. Returning to Pearl Harbor, it was estimated that it would take three months to fully repair the damage. Due to new intelligence which indicated that Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto intended to attack Midway in early June, Nimitz directed that only emergency repairs be made in order the return Yorktown to sea as quickly as possible. As a result, Fletcher departed Pearl Harbor on May 30, only three days after arriving. USS Yorktown - Battle of Midway: Coordinating with Rear Admiral Raymond Spruances TF16 (USS Enterprise USS Hornet), TF17 took part in the pivotal Battle of Midway on June 4-7. On June 4, Yorktowns aircraft sank the Japanese carrier Soryu while other American aircraft destroyed the carriers Kaga and Akagi. Later in the day, the sole remaining Japanese carrier, Hiryu, launched its aircraft. Locating Yorktown, they scored three bomb hits, one of which caused damage to the ships boilers slowing it to six knots. Quickly moving to contain fires and repair damage, the crew restored Yorktowns power and got the ship underway. Around two hours after the first attack, torpedo planes from Hiryu hit Yorktown with torpedoes. Wounded, Yorktown lost power and began listing to port. Though damage control parties were able to put out the fires, they could not halt the flooding. With Yorktown in danger of capsizing, Buckmaster ordered his men to abandon ship. A resilient vessel, Yorktown remained afloat through the night and the next day efforts began to salvage the carrier. Taken under tow by USS Vireo, Yorktown was further aided by the destroyer USS Hammann which came alongside to provide power and pumps. The salvage efforts began to show progress through the day as the carriers list was decreased. Unfortunately, as work continued, the Japanese submarine I-168 slipped through Yorktowns escorts and fired four torpedoes around 3:36 PM. Two struck Yorktown while another hit and sank Hammann. After chasing off the submarine and collecting survivors, American forces determined that Yorktown could not be saved. At 7:01 AM on June 7, the carrier capsized and sank. Selected Sources DANFS: USS Yorktown (CV-5)NHHC: USS YorktownThe Fighting Yorktown

Successful High School Course Completion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Successful High School Course Completion - Essay Example The academic journey ahead is hectic but this little achievement was worth celebrating since it had a rejuvenating effect on successful completion of academic endeavors to come. Moreover, undertaking a course that is not concise to your heart’s desire and the career or profession of preference, basically took a positive attitude, self-drive and inbuilt motivation. Parents have their expectations for their daughters and sons and on the other hand, children have their targets too. Therefore, combining the two interests and to establish a common understanding is a tough task. Most students are between a rock and a hard place in trying to merge the two interests. Thus forcing them to drop their own desires and embrace what their parents expect from them in its entire totality. Such resolutions might not be good for grades and performance since learner would not feel totally responsible for their performance. A student might resolve to do a course for of completion seek and break free from the captivity that their parents have subjected them to. In addition, being a sports person and ensuring performance is not affected is a technical mission and to some, it might be chasing shadows. As the old adage goes, one cannot serve two masters at a time, the adage can be branded a clichà © or rather an ancient ideology but it is indisputable that there is some truth in the old saying. Obviously one would tend to value one activity more than the other; most students concentrate on their sporting endeavors and lose their grip on studies. Some students might not be very lucky to have schooled in schools where the sport is equally appreciated and supported, therefore their passions would not be supported. Furthermore, Self-drive is a virtue that not every individual is lucky enough to have, however it is an ability that can be developed over time through regular practice.

Musuem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Musuem - Essay Example Symbols such as the cowboy, saddle and the horse were categorical in depicting the negative influence of violence in the society (Wayne, 2002). The exhibit is an artwork that is of a diamond shape. One of the most appealing and easily identifiable aspects is the wall at the center of the exhibit. The color, red, is meant to easily depict the general description of the exhibit. The color is mostly associated with blood or war and the exhibit, thus, describes an eventful-bloody scenario. The works of art are located inside a white scaffold and dangle on the wall. The positioning of the artworks in a specified location allows the viewer to critically analyze them and develop a deeper understanding. They are also close enough and not far up which also provide them with an easier opportunity of self-discovery. The exhibit is well lit, though softly and even more directly so as to make it more visible. This is also an attribute to its simplistic nature. Additionally, it is easier to relate to the other exhibits that of gray color. The white background and red in the other distinctively create a sense of simplistic-appeal. The artists or museum organizers in this case arrange the exhibits in a manner that allow easy description of the posters. The exhibits appear bright especially with the use of cool colors to form the background walls. The choices of the colors allow the viewer to easily understand the exhibits and also easily relate to the occasion or event they are describing. The work of art is described using labels on the posters. All the posters have a label that is likely to give one an idea of what was probably being described. This makes it easily possible even in posters that lack a description but simple labels. Additionally, the works completed describe the influence the polish artist has developed due to western movies. They are not very descriptive of the finer details however notably due to their one-dimensional nature. They are

Strong communities sharing similar needs can be a critical resource Dissertation

Strong communities sharing similar needs can be a critical resource for children, supporting and, where necessary, overcoming - Dissertation Example What are communities and how do they function? A community is described as social network of family and friends. The use of term ‘community’ by M.K.Smith is , ‘associated with the hope and the wish of reviving once more the closer, warmer, more harmonious type of bonds between people’ ( M. K Smith, 2001). Community has been explored in three different ways, ‘Place, Territory, place or locality where people have something in common and share element is understood geographically. Interest: They are linked together by factors such as religious beliefs, sexual orientation, occupation or ethnic origin. Communion: attachment with a place.’ (Willmott, 1986; Lee and Newby, 1983; and Crow and Allen, 1995) as cited in M.K.Smith 2001. According to Sarason, in psychological sense a community is ‘the perception of similarity to others, an acknowledged interdependence with others, a willingness to maintain this interdependence by giving to or doing for others what one expects from them, and the feeling that one is part of a larger dependable and stable structure’( Sarason 1974, p. 157). ... Communities thus strive on solidarity, commitment, mutuality and trust and they come together for greater cause. Social communities are more dynamic functional unit and are into educating people, youth care, child development and humanitarian services, stress management and helping distressed people and providing assistance. Communities work on Social systems according to Social Psychology; there are certain theories on which social systems run. One of the theories is the family theory system. The Family Theory System finds its origin from the work of Ludwig Von Bertalanffy on General Systems Theory that the organisms are complex, organised and interactive. It explains the way the components of a system interrelate with each other to form a single unit. Similarly, the families sharing a common history show some degree of emotional bonding and thus forming a group in a community. Family systems theory allows one to understand the organisational intricacies of the families, and the pat tern that guide those intricacies. The family support system works on the assertion that the members of a family carry out the daily confrontations of a family this helps them in adjusting to their needs. In order to understand the family, one must concentrate on the family as a whole unit not at the individual members, the way they interact with each other and their collective history makes this study unique. The families organise themselves into various smaller units or sub-systems to accomplish any task or goal. The Family System Theory studies about the various approaches of working with the families, this study has led to understanding the impact of traumatic

Reagan's early life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reagan's early life - Essay Example Even nowadays a phenomenon of a successful charismatic leadership of Reagan is of great interest for the society and the world’s society. His communicative leadership skills enabled him to reach success. This was one of the most important factors on the way to his success. This President was sincere and tried to respect anyone. He communicated with people fairly and always talked to them sincerely. He was sure that a successful leader had many opportunities to work at, develop communicative skills, leadership features, and find the best approach to promote his leadership potential. There is a need to support background for leadership features and any individual can become a leader, but there are special techniques to promote leadership features. His first step to success can be found in his â€Å"to think globally and act locally†. He was the author of the phrase that America is a great country and the leader should be focused on the great dreams. Reagan was much focused on promotion of leadership communicative skills among the members of his team. During his communication, Reagan inspired his people to make relevant steps and introduced his creative, innovative and realistic vision in his main goals’ setting and development. Reagan was named â€Å"The Great Communicator†, because he used vivid expressions and always reflected love to his country. He could communicate the most challenging issues to his subordinates in the easiest manner. He was fond of his country and his speeches were always positive and the country was named â€Å"the shining city on the hill† and it was the greatest in the world (For Vision and Leadership; Godspeed to Mr. Reagan, 2004). The essence of liberation and freedom were two main concerns for Reagan, because his country liberated enslaved nations. Reagan did not make an attempt to micromanage his tasks. He tried to be involved in different problems’ solving. He initiated a participatory

New Venture Development Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

New Venture Development Business Plan - Essay Example It is a private company incorporated in Hong Kong. There is a shift towards consumption of organic foods in China, especially in Hong Kong city because of extensive campaigns urging people to embrace organic products. Increasing population, high number of food poisoning scares as well as need for healthy eating is driving demand of organic vegetables and fruits to the roof in Hong Kong. Therefore, organic products markets is growing rapidly and is promising higher returns to investors. The business is a limited private company owned by a single person. The owner of the company contributed HK$106,000 and borrowed HK$60,000 to finance start-up and part of the working capital. Table of Contents 4.4 Regulatory requirements 8 4.5 Industry challengers 9 5.0 Customer 9 5.1 Understanding the customer 9 5.2 Target customer profile 10 6.0 Competition 10 6.1 Competitor Analysis 10 6.1.1 Direct Competitors 11 6.1.2 Indirect Competitors 11 6.2 Competitive analysis 11 6.2.1 Competitive Advantages 11 6.3 Entry and Growth Strategy 12 7.1 Objectives 13 7.5 The Product 14 8.1 Overview 15 8.2 Pricing strategy 15 8.3 Sales Tactics 16 8.4 Advertising and Promotion 16 8.5 Marketing Communications Strategy 16 9.0 Operations Plan 17 10.2 Personnel Plan 19 11.1 Start-up Summary 20 11.3 Breakeven analysis 21 11.4 Balance Sheet 21 11.5 Income Statement 21 11.6 Cash Flows 21 13.0 References 23 14.0 Appendixes 24 1.0 Introduction The organic vegetable and fruit market has been growing steadily in Hong Kong. This is because disposable income of people in China, especially Hong Kong is steadily increasing. In addition, in recent years, there have been incidences of food poisoning caused by chemical components in food and more people are shying away from chemically processed food. They are becoming more health conscious and are spending thousands of dollars to purchase organic products, especially food. Therefore, the market segment for organic vegetables and fruits is promising. 2.0 The orga nic vegetable concept After working in a grocery shop for over one year, Tim Chan discovered that most consumers in Hong Kong were turning to organic foods especially vegetables and fruits because they were consumed on daily basis. This is because of rising concerns of food poisoning and danger posed by processed and non-organic food to people’s health as informed by the media and health care practitioners. Four in every eighty consumers who visited the food store where Tim Chan worked asked for organic fruits and vegetables. Therefore, Tim Chan identified a growing opportunity to run an organic food store that specialized in vegetables and fruits sourced locally and from western countries. 3.0 Opportunity Rational China is one of the fast growing and lucrative markets in the world with a huge business promise to thirsty entrepreneurs and business persons. As disposable income increases in urban China, people are more preoccupied with higher standard of living and are turning to organic products, especially food to achieve better health status. China’s Urban and rural population spent between 37.9% and 43.7% of their disposable income on food (Lu ,2010). The market for organic food is big and unquenchable. According to (NTZE 2010), the supply of organic foods in China, especially Hong Kong is very low and there is need to increase supply. In addition, food and grocery market segment is expected to grow by 6.6% and 6.1% in 2011 and 2012 respectively. High demand for organic frui

A 'middle class, quasi scientific, technocratic or mangerial form of Essay

A 'middle class, quasi scientific, technocratic or mangerial form of collectivism very different from the ambiguites of social d - Essay Example Fabian society is popular for its achievement during nineteenth century proceeding into First World War. The movement formulated a stolid base for the Labour Party. It also subsequently influenced policies of nations rising from the decolonization of the British Empire, particularly India. Presently, the Fabian Society constitutes one of the communalist groups affiliated with the Labour Party and its presence can be felt and seen in nations such as Australia, Canada and New Zealand (Blackburn 2007). The Fabian Society, a London based movement, was formed in 1884 as a budding from The Fellowship of the New Life of 1883. The Fellowship Society’s main objective was to transform society through leading by example by demonstrating a simple lifestyle for others to emulate. However, because of varied thoughts, some affiliates of the society were focused on involving politics to assist in transformation process of the society. Consequently a decision was reached that a distinct societ y was to be founded. This was the rise of the Fabian Society. After its establishment, the Fabian Society campaigned for restitution of Western European Renaissance principles and their propagation globally. The Fabian Society was named after a Roman general, Fabius Maximus popularly known as â€Å"Cunctator† to connote â€Å"delayer.† According to theGuardian (2001), the Fabian Society preferred a gradual change approach to radical change. Fabius adopted the tactics of harassment and attrition as opposed to one-on-one combats against the Carthaginian army led by General Hannibal. The Fabian Society attained great heights of influence, especially through their publication of Fabian Essays of 1889, in which Webb and other Fabian authors made great contributions. The Fabians idea of social reforms and transformation were based on the concept of â€Å"permeation† of already established political systems or institutions. Their argument was that the infiltration of t he existing political organisations was the main way of achieving natural socialism. The Fabian Society was opposed to Marxist revolutionary approach to social change (social democracy). Renouncing the need to have aggressive and brutal class struggles, the Fabian Society affiliates embraced the idea of developing trade unions as well as other labour movements up to the time when Beatrice Potter, latter referred to as Beatrice Webb because of her union with Sidney Webb, became a member of the society. Webbs in 1900s assisted the group to establish Labour Representation Committee, from which the Labour Party was born. After its inauguration, the Fabian Society lured many famous figures into its socialist foundation. The central figures of the Fabian Society were Sidney Webb and Beatrice Webb among other key members. The two key pillars of the movement published numerous articles on property ownership under capitalism in industrial Britain. In the wake of 1900, majority of affiliates of the Fabian Society took part in the formation of the Labour Party and the establishment of its constitution, in which Sidney Webb extensively applied the principles in the initiating documents of the Fabian Society. As unbelievable as it may look, the Fabian Society started as a mere nine-member movement, who endorsed an executive committee of three members. A former chairman of British Fabian Society, Mrs. Cole, pointed out on the group’s success in instilling its socialist ideologies in the entire society and nurturing the schemes to flourish and change

New Venture Development Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

New Venture Development Business Plan - Essay Example It is a private company incorporated in Hong Kong. There is a shift towards consumption of organic foods in China, especially in Hong Kong city because of extensive campaigns urging people to embrace organic products. Increasing population, high number of food poisoning scares as well as need for healthy eating is driving demand of organic vegetables and fruits to the roof in Hong Kong. Therefore, organic products markets is growing rapidly and is promising higher returns to investors. The business is a limited private company owned by a single person. The owner of the company contributed HK$106,000 and borrowed HK$60,000 to finance start-up and part of the working capital. Table of Contents 4.4 Regulatory requirements 8 4.5 Industry challengers 9 5.0 Customer 9 5.1 Understanding the customer 9 5.2 Target customer profile 10 6.0 Competition 10 6.1 Competitor Analysis 10 6.1.1 Direct Competitors 11 6.1.2 Indirect Competitors 11 6.2 Competitive analysis 11 6.2.1 Competitive Advantages 11 6.3 Entry and Growth Strategy 12 7.1 Objectives 13 7.5 The Product 14 8.1 Overview 15 8.2 Pricing strategy 15 8.3 Sales Tactics 16 8.4 Advertising and Promotion 16 8.5 Marketing Communications Strategy 16 9.0 Operations Plan 17 10.2 Personnel Plan 19 11.1 Start-up Summary 20 11.3 Breakeven analysis 21 11.4 Balance Sheet 21 11.5 Income Statement 21 11.6 Cash Flows 21 13.0 References 23 14.0 Appendixes 24 1.0 Introduction The organic vegetable and fruit market has been growing steadily in Hong Kong. This is because disposable income of people in China, especially Hong Kong is steadily increasing. In addition, in recent years, there have been incidences of food poisoning caused by chemical components in food and more people are shying away from chemically processed food. They are becoming more health conscious and are spending thousands of dollars to purchase organic products, especially food. Therefore, the market segment for organic vegetables and fruits is promising. 2.0 The orga nic vegetable concept After working in a grocery shop for over one year, Tim Chan discovered that most consumers in Hong Kong were turning to organic foods especially vegetables and fruits because they were consumed on daily basis. This is because of rising concerns of food poisoning and danger posed by processed and non-organic food to people’s health as informed by the media and health care practitioners. Four in every eighty consumers who visited the food store where Tim Chan worked asked for organic fruits and vegetables. Therefore, Tim Chan identified a growing opportunity to run an organic food store that specialized in vegetables and fruits sourced locally and from western countries. 3.0 Opportunity Rational China is one of the fast growing and lucrative markets in the world with a huge business promise to thirsty entrepreneurs and business persons. As disposable income increases in urban China, people are more preoccupied with higher standard of living and are turning to organic products, especially food to achieve better health status. China’s Urban and rural population spent between 37.9% and 43.7% of their disposable income on food (Lu ,2010). The market for organic food is big and unquenchable. According to (NTZE 2010), the supply of organic foods in China, especially Hong Kong is very low and there is need to increase supply. In addition, food and grocery market segment is expected to grow by 6.6% and 6.1% in 2011 and 2012 respectively. High demand for organic frui

Folkloristic reflection- occupational Assignment

Folkloristic reflection- occupational - Assignment Example At the same time we also perform cowboy related activities, we make sure that your cattle herd are well taken care of by cleaning where they sleep, provide them with water and we also make sure that they are well fed. Our final responsibility is environmental cleanliness. We clean the environment and also educate the youth on the same. We realized that the current generation youth do not like taking care of the environment, therefore we took upon ourselves to educate them voluntarily (Thomas 220). Our core values and skills are respect, teamwork, good organization skills and the ability to learn. Our group has managed to accomplish a great deal because of these skills. Respect has enabled the community to trust us, at the same time we make sure that all the workers respect one another and team work has made us carry out various tasks in a short period of time. The ability to learn because the kind of work we are doing is dynamic and therefore without the willingness to learn we may not accomplish much. While good organizational skills has been emphasized by our group because we deal with a lot of activities and therefore every worker have to make sure that everything is in place. In the group the various positions are elective posts. We usually hold our elections every three months. The candidates are nominated according to their contribution to the group. Therefore, the chairman must be someone who is very hardworking and focused. Our group is very different from other groups in that whatever we do. We try to give back to the society as we make it certain that most of our activities are aimed at making sure that our society is properly maintained. In addition, we also pride ourselves in the quality of work we deliver. We make sure that all our services are done to the best of our knowledge. This can be seen by the various awards we have won and the numerous events we have been called to give a public

Philip Pearlstein Two Models with Blow-Up Chair & Salvador Dali Essay Example for Free

Philip Pearlstein Two Models with Blow-Up Chair Salvador Dali Essay Through the development of art, the fascination of the female body has been a main motif. It is Venus, Roman Goddess of love who has intrigued the artist, and held their attention for well over a few centuries. She has been not only Venus, but also Aphrodite (the Greek Goddess of Love), she has been Mary, mother of Christ in Gothic tradition and she had been found in the countless faces of women depicted by Picasso, Monet, Degas, Warhol (for isn’t Monroe a goddess? ). The link in these references is that this goddess, whomever she is, is holding the fascination of male artist. This is not to say that female artists have not taken up the trend which she invokes, but the purpose here is to discover how differently she is seen through their eyes in comparison with male visions of ‘love’. Pearlstein’s innovation in completing this project is one of Modernism, mixed with Realism. Pearlstein paints an oil painting of two females. They appear plastic wrapped within the canvas due to the severe highlights Pearlstein applies to both of their bodies. They lay beside each other, one on the chair the other next to the chair, and they both appear to be asleep. These two models or Venus’ are full frontal nude. The viewer is unable to see if they are ashamed or not from their faces because one of them is hiding her face and the other one’s head extends beyond the canvas (this is a trademark of Pearlstein). Though both Venus’ are or appear asleep they are active with the coloring and highlights which Pearlstein has seen fit to attribute to them. The line of light glares down the frontal figures body, highlighting the left breast, the stomach wrinkles and over the curves of both of the legs. This mimics the curves and highlights given to the plastic chair which she ‘sleeps’ upon. The other model fades into the background, yet still has that tiny shot of highlight upon the same appendages and other body parts which the first Venus had on her. The interesting item in this painting is that there are two female figures being painted. This is coupled with the fact that here too, like all the ones before it, Venus is apathetic, or at best the viewer is unable to tell what she (they) are feeling. Never mind the composition, Venus is still without a ‘voice’ in this painting. Through the very brief glimpse of feminine fecundity, and pulchritude, Venus remains elusive, and stoic. It has taken the art movement of the 20th century to see the full force of Venus. She has, with the help of female artists, broken her silence. In Dali’s oil on canvas The Persistence of Memory (1913) the theme of paranoia is persistent in this dreamscape. The distortion of the piece exudes a frightening use of spatial mobility and form. Surrealism is a way in which the expression of fantasy can be forthcoming in the world of Art. Dali exemplifies this notion in his use of foreground and background shapes and the pure psychic automatism which is symbolized in the clocks. Dali’s focus in this work is mainly about freedom; although the context of this work is based on paranoia and the weightiness of time the work is also free from previous constraints of other artistic movements in that it is not a painting dedicated to reason or moral purpose. Dali’s painting is that of a dream and reason becomes a series of disjointed objects in space; there is no rhyme in his work unless it is free verse; that is to say that there is no structure as prior to surrealism the viewer is used to seeing structure. Dali’s work often reflect what Virginia Woolf was so diligently experimenting with, which is unconscious writing or free narrative. Dali painted as though the conscious mind was sleeping, and that is why his paintings are so often reminiscent of dreams as Janson states, â€Å"The notion that adream can be transposed by ‘automatiatic handwriting; directly from the unconscious mind to the canvas, bypassing the conscious awareness of the artist, did not work in practice. Some degree of control was unavoidable. Nevertheless, Surrealism stimulated several novel techniques for soliciting and exploiting chance effects† (Janson â€Å"The History of Art 807) . Even the central figure in The Persistence of Memory is portrayed as though it were sleeping. The unfinished background is almost anachronistic with the foreground as it exhibits a cliff sliding off into a body of water. It seems as though Dali made the background on purpose to confuse the viewer since dreams are intended to be symbolic of personal meaning. The sky in the background also seems incomplete with no visible clouds but merely a color palette that drifts off into a sfumato haze. The background however is not what Dali wanted the viewer to be stricken with as a first impression. The central figure of the painting is unfinished as well. Dali painted an eyeball, and a nose and made no more attention to the rest of the figure. This feeling of incompleteness is unnerving and truly embodies the emotional state and perception of dreaming. The painting is purely inspired by that part of Dali’s unconscious mind. Although the painting exhibits that Dali used controlled in certain aspects of the work such as the use of diagonals, and linear shapes, but the overall impression of the painting lies within the angles, the objects and the general ambience of the piece. The clocks themselves prove to be unnerving both their positions and their lack of solid form, as though they are oozing across the plane in the foreground and the limb near the horizon of the painting, as well as across the half finished face. Another artistic ploy that Dali uses in The Persistence of Memory is his use of shadow; not merely darkness but the chiaroscuro so prevalent in the piece. This furthers the theory of this paper that Dali uses surrealism to tap into the unconscious and the dream world. Dali does the opposite in this painting of previous artists; he places the darkness in the foreground of the painting and the brightness in the background. This is symbolic because Dali wants to evoke to the audience that in the dream world the objects that are in front of the dreamer’s face are not always tangible but looming and undefined. In the background the objects are illuminated but this illumination does not add in defining the object because Dali here uses space to further illustrate his unconscious perspective; the objects in the background are too far away and cannot be seen. Thus, each part of the painting is uncomfortably defined. It is almost nonsensical; these objects of Dali’s in space without a coherent theme except for these persistence clocks. The clocks are the main meaning and focus of the painting and it is through these objects that the theory of this paper rests. The clocks present the theme of paranoia (as mentioned prior). Not only are they draped over the main objects in the foreground but their rendering is disconcerting. Each clock offers a different time, and one clock is closed so that the viewer cannot decipher its time. It is interesting that Dali did not distort the closed clock; it signifies a secret and further exemplifies the state of the dream world present in this painting; that is, the one clock that could offer a valid time is closed and unable to be seen by the painter, or the audience. The contention in the painting is that the central figure of the face is sleeping and is thus oblivious to the clocks, to time, to the unfinished landscape. That is the quintessential meaning of a dream; the sleeping figure is unaware to symbolism, to action, to time, and that is how Dali exudes incoherence in the dream world.

A View Of Hindi Cinema Film Studies Essay

A View Of Hindi Cinema Film Studies Essay Hindi Cinema refers to the prolific Hindi language film industry that operates mainly from Bombay, India. Characterised by music, melodrama, dance routines and extravagant production values, it is both a source of aggravation and wonder for its patrons. With enthusiastic audiences and box office success stories from all over the English speaking world, the escapist entertainment of Hindi Cinema has become a spectacle to reckon with. However, Hindi cinema seems to fall into a self induced rut ever so often. And similar to it, the film journalism in India tends to lie in a pathetic condition. With the media that thrives more on gossip and paparazzi culture, objective and analytical film journalism is something that is seen very sparsely in India. In this regard, the author Anil Saari and his posthumously published book, Hindi Cinema An Insiders View, stand out. The poet, theatre artist and journalist, Anil Saari, was Hindi cinemas most enthusiastic patron more than 3 decades ago. The book which is a compilation of his essays from the 70s to 2005(the year he died), can be seen as a tribute to one of Hindi Cinemas most enthusiastic advocate. The introduction by filmmaker and critic Partha Chatterjee enumerates Anil Saaris panache for identifying social-cultural trends within Hindi cinema. The 36 individual essays have been divided in into four different sections titled The Aesthetic Foundations of the Hindi Formula Film, Themes and Variations of Indian Cinema, Perspectives on Indian Cinema and The Makers of Popular Cinema. A personal favourite is the essay titled, What went wrong with Bhansalis Devdas?. Apart from being an extremely well written piece, the lucid arguments back the valid criticism of the movie. Without questioning Sanjay Leela Bhansalis prerogative of a brilliant director, Saari argues that Bhansalis rendition of Sarat Chandras Devdas is an anxious attempt to capture poetry on film. Saari says that Bhansalis effort to create poetry on celluloid resulted in the movie where every single moment in the film is a great emotion of high emotion, grand gestures, extraordinary feelings. Saari states that Bhansalis effort to convert every single second of the movie into a great moment resulted in the bland nature of the film. Saari also questions the need for the large scale exorbitance of the film. It is against the backdrop of the simple, everydayness of human behavior that a great film sets its dramatic surprises, narrative twists, and its heart wrenching moments. With that said, Saaris again expresses the need for a simpler and realistic portrayal of the real world in cinema. With this essay, one can observe Saaris genuine perceptiveness to the aesthetics and intricacies of film making. The other two note worthy essays The Dynamics of Tradition and Modernity in Hindi Cinema and The Compelling World of Hindi Films, overlap immensely in terms of the arguments put forward. In The Compelling World of Hindi Films, Saari speaks of how Hindi Cinema is successful in escaping the realities of poverty and the boredom of routine life. Unintentionally it affirms to status quo of the politically powerful and richer classes. His arguments are mostly echoed during the times of post-independence, where Saari understood the power of cinema as a tool in building an emerging economy. His arguments draw inspiration from the success of Bertolt Brechts plays in Europe. Perhaps, Saari hoped that Hindi cinema would produce its own version of Brecht, whose awareness of lifes struggles and politics would permeate through to the masses. Similar arguments are put forward in the essay, The Dynamics of Tradition and Modernity in Hindi Cinema. Saaris reiterates the need for the entertainment and socio-economic realities to compliment each other. In the essay he talks about how, The Indian psyche lies in the shadow of a long, callous history of economic disparities; a psyche that tries to preserve itself and its shell of bones from the wretched sea of poverty that exists all around it. The dividing line is so thin and fragile that consciousness can only lead each man to conceive of himself as an oasis in the desert. Upon deliberation, the reason for Saaris strong stance on cinema mirroring reality can be found by studying his personal background. Anil Saaris father, Arjun Arora, was the co-founder of the Communist Party of India (CPI), in Uttar Pradesh (India), and also a proactive trade union leader. Perhaps it is this this exposure to the ideology that leads him to gain in insight into the struggles and realities of the common Indian citizen of that time. It is this approach of Saaris that sets him apart from mot film journalists of is time. The biggest learning points from the essay, The Compelling World of Hindi Cinema. Hindi cinema has always challenged for being conservative and parochial, so the arguments in this essay are refreshing. Saaris arguments make one realize how even though films from the 1950s/1960s never tried altering the established social norms, it did endavour to fire the imagination of the Indian public in a subtle manner. Saari mentions how Shree 420 was successful as it blended the traditional Buddhist ideals of renunciation and sensuality and in its own inelegant way, it taught a million young Indians how to accept their natural attraction for the other sex. It is this different approach of that makes readers realize that even with all its conservatism, Hindi cinema did make an effort to introduce modern ideas in a surreptitious manner. In the essay, Can Parallel Cinema Survive, Saari appreciates and criticizes the work of parallel film makers. Saari says that the biggest grouse of the parallel films is that it failed to engage and reach out to their own target audiences. So while he is extremely appreciative of the works by Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwick Ghatak and Adoor Gopalakrishnan, he remains discontent as most of their films gained recognition internationally and failed to draw the audiences within their own countries. In the final chapter, Saari makes interesting comments about screen idols, right from the Troika to Mani Ratnam. It is in this section that one observes Saaris great love for the work of Guru Dutt. In all, there is great deal of information and insight available in Saaris book. Although, at times, it can seem slightly academic in nature, it never fails to provide an analytical point of view to its readers. Saaris essays are extremely perceptive and provide great understanding into the various trends within Bollywood. However, since some of the essays have been written decades ago, the contents and arguments of various essays are outdated and can be challenged. While it is understood that the book is a compilation of Saaris various essays, the random selection of essays have no link to one and other. While some essays such as Rags to Riches and Black Money as mainstay of Hindi Cinema could be given a miss, better categorization of essays could perhaps have given the book a better structure. Another drawback of the book is the title itself. Even though the book is titled Hindi Cinema, three of the four sections of the books contain essays pertaining to Indian Cinema where a great deal has been mentioned about South Indian Cinema, which does not classify within the bracket of Hindi Cinema. In addition, apart from being a regular film journalist, it is vague as to what categorizes Saari as an insider in Hindi Cinema. In conclusion, Anil Saaris book not only reflects on his style of writing but his passion for the art of film making. His holistic approach in films is not just confided to their content but also their aesthetics, financing and exhibition. Saaris style of appreciation and criticism without malice enhances his credibility of his critique. The essays are exceptionally informative as they are all linked to the issues of politics and history within that time. By capturing the various forms of narrative cinema, parallel cinema and popular cinema, the book is a holistic guide to Hindi Cinema over time.